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Recent Publications |
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- The Strategic Value of Cross-cultural Expertise; Working
papers, the Faculty Research Forum of the Washington
Consortium of Business Schools, 2004.
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- The Information Communication Technology (ICT) Penetration
and Skills Gap Analysis (SGA). Co-authored; a report for the
U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the
Egyptian government to assess the use of ICT in industries
and educational systems and recommend policies and actions
to respond to immediate inquiries for ICT skills covering
the local, regional, and global markets. 2003.
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Cultural Factors in International Mergers and Acquisitions:
When
and Where Culture Matters |
Abstract: Existing studies on IM&As take mostly a finance
or economic perspective, measuring the outcomes of IM&As in the
short term while ignoring their long-term returns and
non-financial factors. The present research is designed in
response to this shortcoming, examining the effects of culture
on the outcome of IM&As and the variation of these effects
during the different phases of an IM&A. The research focuses on
the international aspect of cultural differences—the
differentiating factor between domestic mergers and acquisitions
(M&As) and IM&As. It measures success from an organization’s
internal perspective, comparing what the IM&A, at inception, was
expected to achieve and what it achieved several years later.
This approach is different from the standard one of measuring
success based on market reaction to the IM&A—an external
measure. This qualitative research is based on an interpretive
approach, cutting across economic, international business, and
behavioral theories. The significance of the study lies in its
emphasis on national culture as a construct separate from
organizational culture, in measuring the success or failure of
an IM&A relative to its objectives, and in supporting
reflexivity theory in economics. |
The
International Journal of Knowledge, Culture and Change
Management, Vol. 6, 2006. |
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Please contact the
publisher for an electronic or hard copy of this article. |
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The
Strategic Value of Cross-cultural Expertise |
Abstract: The discussion of the relationship between
culture and organization began with group dynamics and group
behavior. It originated in anthropology and sociology before
being included in management science and has gained more
importance, both at the organizational and country levels.
Researchers argue the relevancy of culture and its effect on
organizational performance and socioeconomic development. The
range of views about relevance is wide. Culture appears as
irrelevant at one end of a spectrum and as crucial at the other
end. The first group argues that technical, organizational, and
management methods are most important and that managers should
rely only on the best approaches—what has worked in developed
countries and successful firms. The opposite view is that
business is about actions, and interactions are affected by
people’s values. In addition, this group posits that an
organization is a subset of its environment and that the
organizational culture is influenced by the social culture,
which is widely varied among different societies. Therefore,
they say, managers should consider culture and manage it.
Researchers at the two opposite ends of the relevancy spectrum
agree that, in today’s changing environment, companies should be
culturally flexible and able to adapt to changes. However, they
disagree on how to develop such flexibility. The first group
sees a unique organizational culture as a barrier to flexibility
and the opposite group sees it as the very source of
flexibility. This article provides an overview of where, in
business management, culture becomes important. It also makes an
assessment of if and how cultural expertise could be considered
a strategic value, including within the new “sense-and-respond”
strategy of adaptive organizations. |
Working papers, the
Faculty Research Forum of the Washington Consortium of Business
Schools, 2004. |
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The Information Communication
Technology (ICT) Penetration and Skills Gap Analysis (SGA) |
Abstract: Under its Strategic Objective 17 (SO17) the
United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
provided its contract to operate and implement “Skills for
Competitiveness Developed Initiative.” The initiative that is
being implemented by “Partners for a Competitive Egypt- PfCE”
project was crafted to respond to the challenges of global
competitiveness and workforce development. It aimed to build
private sector coalitions, develop global thinking, and promote
Egyptian leadership and innovative public/private sector
partnerships. A principal objective of PfCE project is to
support the activities of the Ministry of Communications and
Information Technology (MCIT) in implementing its National ICT
Development Program as well as developing the IT Cluster in
Egypt. The ICT Penetration and Skills Gap Analysis (SGA) study
was developed to respond to the immediate inquiries for
information of MCIT and USAID on the needs for ICT skills
covering the local, regional, and global markets. The outputs of
the study will help alleviate the need for basic information on
skills required by various planning activities undertaken by
USAID and the MCIT. The results of the assessment and the
related recommendations will add to the continuity of the ICT
workforce development. The study will help in selecting the
educational and training interventions supported by USAID and
MCIT. It will provide the ICT stakeholders with the basis for
continued ICT human resource and workforce development plans for
maximum growth of the ICT sector. It will also serve as a basis
for expanding the use and adoption of ICT practices and
applications by Egyptian industries with the purpose of raising
productivity and increasing Egyptian products competitiveness. |
Co-authored; a report (http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNADA984.pdf)
for the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and
the Egyptian government to assess the use of ICT in industries
and educational systems and recommend policies and actions to
respond to immediate inquiries for ICT skills covering the
local, regional, and global markets. 2003. |
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